Method of making wire nails



'Aug-g8," 1933.

R. J. FARRELL METHOD OF MAKING WIRE NILS Filed 00T.. 14. 1951 2 SheejZs-Shet 1 INVENTOR Allg 8, 1933- R. J. FARRELL 1,921,515

METHOD OF MAKING WIRE NAILS Fi1ed oct. 14, 1951 2 sheets-sheet 2' wm f L Il l 33 59 J9 fea l INVENTOR E www @www gm AL, @m4/174 Patented Aug. 8, 1933 UNITED sTATEs METHOD oF MAKING WIRE NAILs f .f

Robert J. Farrell, Waynesburg, Fa.l

Application October 14,

12 Claims.

This invention relates to the method of making wire nails, andvin particular, to a method for :formingwire` nails of thevtype described inl my copending application, Serial No. 561,325 filed September 5, 1931, and kis a continuation in part thereof.

One object of this invention is to provide a method for forming wire nailshaving a tapered entering end terminating ina concave surface. s

Another object of this invention is to provide a novel method for forming wire nails of the type disclosed.l y

A further object of this invention is to provide a method 'for'forming wire nails which materially increases production and v,eliminates waste and loss through scrap. These and other objects which will'be obvious to those skilled in this particular art are attained by means of my improved process, the mechanism for carrying out the process being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a v iewdin side elevation of the mechanism for forming the nails; Fig. 2'is a partial View in perspective of the Vendpointing mechanism; -v

Fig. 3 is a view in section taken on line III-III of Figure 2; l,

Fig. 4 is a view insection taken on line IV-IV :of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a viewf in perspective of the headed nail blank, and Fig.` 6 is'a view in elevation of the finished nail, having a'portion of the pointed end broken away for convenience of illustration. ""5 Y l'n applying my invention to the manufacture of .nails having a tapered enter-ingend vrhich terminates in a concave surface, wire is taken from a bundle or coil and fed through straightening rolls into the, heading machine. The wire 40 entering the heading machine passes between gripping dies which hold the wire while it is struck with a hammer to vform the head. The head is formed with one blow of the heading hammer.

of wire` suitable for making the nail' has passed between thegripping dies. The wire is then gripped by the gripping dies and severed in a plane transverse to the axis of the wire.

After the wire is severed, the headed blank drops into a chute which feeds it into a hopper on a pointing machine where it is cleaned or polished. After cleaning, the cut end of the blank is rolled about its longitudinal axis while pressure is so applied to the surface metal adja- Asthe heading hammer recedes, the 45. headed wire is` fed into the machine until a length 1931. Serial No. 568,662 4 cent the end of) vthe blank and at such an angle to the longitudinal axisy thereof that the surface metal, adjacent the cut end of the blank is extruded or elongated'and caused y to project'beyond the central core thereby where- 60 by a concave surface is formed on`the blank transverse of the axis of the nail which is connected to the body of the .nail by a tapered surface. By extruding and tapering the surface metal beyond the end of the blank a closed an- 65 A nular cutting edge is secured.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 10 desig- 'nates a nail-heading machineinto which wire is feelA from a coil or bundle (not shown). The nail-making machine 10 isof the usual type or- 70 dinarily employed in the manufacture of nails and forms the head on the wire being fed thereinto and cuts the wire to the length Yrequired for forming thel nail. Ordinarily the cutting dies in the machine l0 are designed to sever the wire and 75 I cut the entering point on the end of the nail at the same time. In making myimproved type f i. of nail the cutting dies in the machine 10 are so shaped `that the Wire is severed in a plane substantially transverse to the axis of the wire.

After theblank has been headed and cut tm length, the nail blank (Fig. 5) drops into a chute 11 and is conveyed intoa hopper 12, one corner of which is pivoted to the frame 13 of avnailpointing machine 14. The hopper 12 is oscil- 85 lated and swung through an arc so as to causev the nail blanks to be vfed through openings 15 and delivered into slots 16 between the edges of members 17. The nail bIanksare so fed into the slots 16 that the head of the blank is supported 90 on the edges of the members 17.

-The hopper 12 is oscillated so as to feed the blanks through the openingsy 15l by suitable mechanism 18 geared to a shaft 19. The shaft 19 is drivenby a motor (not shown), through `,95

suitable gearing contained in a gear box 20.

The Anail blanks are fed one atl a time from the slots 16 into substantially vertically extending tubes 2 1 through whichL'the/blanks drop into- 4 spring clips 22 secured on the ends of theA tubes. 100 The clips 22 icatch the blanks and position the cut ends thereof between rolling members 23 and 24, the upper edges of the adjacent faces thereof being beveled as at 25 and 26 to form an angle therebetween for receiving the endof the 105 blank. The member 23 is mounted in guides 27 secured totheframe 13 of the pointing machine and is movable intol and out of engagement with the member 24 by la series 'of cams 28.0n'a shaft 29.- The shaft 29 is geared to a vshaft 30 which 110 .a guide 31. carried by the frame 13.

When the cut end o f the nail blank has been positioned between the beveled faces of the rolling members 23 and 24 the cams 28 move the member 23 into contact with the member 2,4 so that the nail blank will be firmly engaged therebetween, at which time member 24 is moved longitudinally to the member` 23 causing the nail blank to roll therebetween about its longitudinal axisvand form the enteringend on the nail. As the adjacent faces of the members 23 and 24 are beveled a rotative pressure 'or force is applied to the end of the blank at an angle to the longitudinal. axis thereof which extrudes and tapers the surface metal and causes'it to taper and project annularly beyond the central core of the blank thereby forming a dished out surface terminating in a closed annular cutting edge on the end of the nail.

The rolling member 24 is movably mounted in To move the member 24 lengthwise of the member 23 when the latter vmember has been forced into contact therewith, a lever 31 connects the member 24 with an eccentric 32 mounted on a shaftv 33 driven through suitable gearing by the shaft 30. The cams 28 are so designed that they press the member 23 firmly against the cut end of the blank during the movement of the member 24 in one direction. As the member 24 moves relative to the member 23, a rotative force is applied to the end of the blank which causes it to roll therebetween about its longitudinal axis and travel with the member 24 whereby it is pulled from the clip 22. The adjacent faces of the members 23 and 24 are so beveled that the rotative force will be applied to the end of the blank at such an angle to the longitudinal axis of the blank that as the blank rolls therebetween the surface metal adjacent the end thereof will be annularly extruded, elongated and projected beyond the centralcore of the blank and tapered to form a cup-shaped surface on they end of the blank which is transverse to the major axis' thereof and connected to the body of the blank 4by an annular sloping surface. 'After the enter-y ing end has been formed, the cams 28-release the member 23 and spring members 35 pull it out of engagement with the member 24.4 This separating ofthe members 23 and 24 permits the finished nail to drop into a hopper 36 from which it is fed into a keg.

By coupling the end of the blank, a tapered entering end is formed on the nail having a closed annular cutting edge which is of slightly smaller diameter than the diameter of the nail and, since the surface metal of the blank is extruded annularly, any section through the entering end is of substantiallyy the same sectional shape as the body of the nail but of reduced area.

In order to 4clean the body of the nails, a cleansing agent such as sawdust, or any other suitable material, may be placed in the hopper 12. The cleansing agent frictionally engages the nail blanks and as the. hopper is swung back and forth, cleanses and polishes the blanks.

It is readily apparent from the foregoing de scription that I have provided a new and improved method for making nails in which, the

-entering end on the/nail is formed'by rolling the nail blank about its longitudinal axis while. a force is applied to the surface metal of the blank at an angle to its longitudinal axis. Thus,

Iam able to eliminate the usual and expensive is rotated by suitable gearing in the gear box 20.

point cutting dies ordinarily employed in nail Kmachines to form the entering end on the blank.

Letters Patent is:

1. The method of pointing nail blanks which consists in elongating the outer surface of the blank adjacent the end to impart a taper thereto and project the outer surface beyondthecentral portion of the blank whereby an entering end is formed which is of reduced size but of substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the body of the nail.

2. A method of pointing and cupping the end -of a nail blank, which consistsin extruding the surface metal at the end of the blank beyond the central core thereof, and tapering the end of the blank b-y`a. swedging operationwhile said blan is rotatingrabout its longitudinal axis.

3. A method of pointing and cupping the end of a nail blank, which consists in extruding the sur-v face metal at the end of said blank beyond the central core thereof vto form a closed cutting edge and in4 swedging the end of the blank to conical form. y

4. A `method of pointing and cupping a nail blank, which consists in applying an extruding and rotative force to the end of the blank, and continuing the application of such force to taper the end of said blank.

5. A method of pointing and cupping a nail blank, which consists in applying an extruding continuing the application of such force to taper the end. of said blank.

y 7. A method of pointing and cupping a nail blank, which consists in extruding the surface metal at the end of the blank by the application of a distortingpressure to the end of the blank` at an angle to the longitudinal axis thereof while such blank is rotating, and in progressively in'- creasing the eect of such ,force on the blank to taper the end thereof.

8. A method of pointing and cupping a nail l blank, which consists in rotating'the blank about its longitudinal axis While annularly extruding the surface metal at the end of the blank beyond the central core thereof by the application of an angularly directed force to the end portion of the blank, and in continuing the application of such force to taper the end of the blank and the annular extruded portions thereof.V

9.v AV method of pointing and cupping a nail `vblank which consists in extruding the surface metal at the end of the blank beyond the central corethereof by a die-swedging operation while rotating said blank about its longitudinal axis and in die tapering the end of the blank while continuing said rotation. l

and tapering force to the end of the blank While 1 rotating such blank.

10. The method of pointing and cupping a nail 'blank which consists in rolling the blank about v metal of the blank adjacentfthe end thereof I to project said surface metal annularly beyond the central core thereof and in tapering the end of the elongated portion of the blank to form a closed annular cutting edge of smaller diameter than the diameter of the body of the blank. y

12. The method of pointing and cupping a nail its major axis and in simultaneously applying an anularly directed force to the end of the blank to annularly extrude the surface metal beyond j the central core of the blank and to taper the end thereof; l f

ROBERT J. FARREIL.

blank which consists in rolling the blank about isc isc' 

